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Background: Endodontic infections have been clearly described as biofilm-mediated infections. Bacteria and their by-products have been known to cause these infections. With the introduction of new drugs and the use of nanoparticles in recent times, there has been a significant reduction in the bacterial load in endodontic infections. Aims and Objectives: The in vitro study focuses on checking the antibacterial efficacy of silver nanoparticles and its combination with other medicaments against the root canal pathogen - Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis). Methodology: In the present study, 140 extracted human teeth were used. The teeth were sectioned, and biomechanical preparation was done. The root canals of the extracted teeth were inoculated with the culture of E. faecalis. The teeth were divided into six groups based on the intracanal medicament used: Group 1 - Silver nanocure gelGroup 2 - Silver nanocure gel + Cavisept gel (1:1)Group 3 - Silver nanocure gel + Aveu-Cal gel (1:1)Group 4 - Silver nanocure gel + Cavisept gel + Aveu-Cal gel (1:1:1)Group 5 - Positive control (specimens were inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis and left untreated to confirm the presence of infection)Group 6 - Negative control (no bacterial contamination of specimens). The colony-forming units were recorded after 48 h of incubation. Results: The statistical analysis of the colony-forming units was done using the Kruskal-Wallis tests. Silver nanocure gel + Cavisept gel + Aveu-Cal gel (1:1:1) showed the least colony-forming units. Conclusion: The present study is an in vitro study, in which we concluded that the combination of all the intracanal medicaments is the best for the elimination of E. faecalis biofilm from the root canal. The above findings need to be tested in vivo also.
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Background: Perforation repair materials should have excellent sealing ability and dislodgement resistance. While several materials have been employed for perforation repair, newer calcium-silicate materials, such as Biodentine and TheraCal LC, have shown promising outcomes. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different irrigants on the dislodgement resistance of Biodentine and TheraCal LC when used for perforation repair in simulated conditions. Methods and Material: 3% sodium hypochlorite, 2% chlorhexidine gluconate, and 17% EDTA were evaluated for their effect on the dislodgement resistance of Biodentine and TheraCal LC. 48 permanent mandibular molars were selected for the study. The samples were divided into two groups: Group I - Biodentine and Group II - TheraCal LC, with 24 samples each. Statistical Analysis: The mean dislodgement resistance and standard deviation of Group I (Biodentine) and Group II (TheraCal LC) were compared and Failure pattern analysis was done. Results: Biodentine showed a significant decrease in push-out bond strength after contact with 3% NaOCl, 2% CHX, and 17% EDTA whereas, TheraCal LC showed no significant decrease in push-out bond strength after exposure to 3% NaOCl, 2% CHX, and 17% EDTA. Conclusions: Overall, TheraCal LC can be considered good perforation repair material with excellent physical and biological properties.
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Background: Nanocurcumin has antimicrobial properties and it is to be tested as a coating on gutta-percha against Enterococcusi faecalis. Aim: To evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of nanocurcumin-coated gutta-percha against E. faecalis in comparison with conventional gutta-percha. Materials and Methods: The broth dilution method and colony-forming unit count assay were chosen for the evaluation of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration of nanocurcumin against E. faecalis. ISO size 30, 4% taper gutta-percha cones were manually coated with nanocurcumin. All the coated and noncoated gutta-percha cones were examined under a scanning electron microscope to study the exterior surface. Antibacterial efficacy of nanocurcumin-coated gutta-percha and conventional gutta-percha was seen by agar diffusion method against E. faecalis. Results: MIC of nanocurcumin was observed at 50 mg/ml for E. faecalis. Nanocurcumin-coated gutta-percha showed a larger zone of inhibition when compared to conventional gutta-percha which showed a smaller zone of inhibition (P < 0.0001). Nanocurcumin-coated gutta-percha showed moderate antimicrobial activity, while conventional gutta-percha showed weak activity. Conclusion: The results of the study reveal that nanocurcumin has an antimicrobial activity against E. faecalis. The use of herbal alternatives in endodontics might prove to be advantageous.
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Background: The persistence of microorganisms in root canal system is pivotal factor pertinent to endodontic failure. Even if you meet the highest technical and asepsis standards and also minimize the procedural errors, failures result. The rapidly increasing antibiotic resistance among these bacteria and the adverse effects of these antibiotics along with their toxicity are the main situations indicating the utmost urgent requirement of a safe, effective, natural phytochemical like curcumin with tremendous medicinal potential. Nanoformulations of curcumin are their improved version with enhanced antibacterial activity. Materials and Methods: A thin layer of nanocurcumin was coated on the surface of gutta-percha cones. To observe the uniformity and adherence of nanocurcumin coating on the exterior surface of gutta-percha, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was done. Further agar gel diffusion technique was used to assess the antimicrobial activity of nanocurcumin-coated gutta-percha cones and conventional gutta-percha cones and their results were compared statistically. Results: The results of SEM study showed a layer of nanocurcumin adhering uniformly to the surface of gutta-percha cones. Furthermore, the nanocurcumin-coated gutta-percha cones demonstrated higher antibacterial activity as compared to the conventional cones. Conclusions: Our study results reveal that the coating of nanocurcumin on gutta-percha cones has augmented their antibacterial activity.
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Introduction: During dental procedures, dental professionals as well as patients are exposed to pathogens and toxic substances, which may be transmitted through direct or indirect contact. Their clothing is visibly soiled during the procedures. Their hands can serve as vectors for the transmission of pathogens. Use of mobiles, laptop, and other gadgets tend to increase the chances of microbial colonization on these surfaces. The objective of the study is to screen for the presence of microorganism the most common items pertaining to our daily personal utility which are being used in the hospital settings, to access the microbial load and their potential hazards. Materials and Methods: In this study, 80 samples were collected from different personal utility items such as white coats, mobiles, hand towels, and laptops. These samples were evaluated for the presence of any microbial colonization on them. Results: All the sampled surfaces showed the presence of microorganisms and all showed polymicrobial growth. Conclusion: These identified surfaces should be cleaned and decontaminated on regular basis to prevent the transmission of pathogens in the dental hospital environment.
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Aim: This in vitro study aims to detect the dentinal defects associated with different irrigants during biomechanical preparation using rotary nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) files (Hyflex CM). Materials and Methods: For the study, 120 extracted mandibular incisors were taken. Depending on the irrigant used, teeth were divided into six groups (n = 20). In Group 1, teeth were not biomechanically prepared considered as, control group. In Group 2, Group 3, Group 4, Group 5, and Group 6, biomechanical preparation was with Hyflex CM rotary Ni-Ti files using saline, 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), SmearClear, and 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), respectively, as irrigant. IsoMet Saw was used to section samples at 3, 6, and 9 mm from the apex perpendicular to the long axis of tooth. Segments were seen at 30x magnification under a digital stereomicroscope. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis was done using two-tailed t-test. Results: Maximum number of dentinal defects was seen with 17% EDTA, followed by 3% NaOCl, SmearClear, and 2% CHX. Conclusions: Irrigation with 17% EDTA causes more dentinal defects as compared to irrigation with 3% NaOCl, SmearClear, and 2% CHX.
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AIM: The main aim of the study is to compare the antibacterial effect of Silver nanoparticle gel alone and combination of silver nanoparticle gel with various medicaments. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Intracanal dressings: Group 1 -Silver Nanocure gel, Group 2 - Silver Nanocure gel+ Cavisept gel(1:1),Group 3- Silver Nanocure gel+ Aveu-Cal gel(1:1) ,Group 4 - Silver Nanocure gel +Cavisept gel +Aveu-Cal gel(1:1:1) were taken on a culture plate inoculated with E.faecalis. Antibacterial activity was assessed using Agar diffusion test and results were noted as diameter of growth inhibition zone. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Student t -test was used to analyse results. RESULTS: The diameter of combination of Silver nanocure gel+Cavisept +Aveu-Cal gel(1:1:1) was highest in comparison to other medicaments tested. CONCLUSION: Intracanal dressing with a combination of all the three {Silver nanocure gel+Cavisept +Aveu-Cal gel(1:1:1) } is the best treatment for elimination of highly resistant Enterococcus faecalis in root canals.
